Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje elikhawulezayo, apho uzinzo luye lwaba yingxaki enkulu kubantu ngabanye nakumashishini ngokufanayo, iindawo zokutyela zijongene nemingeni eyahlukileyo ekunciphiseni impembelelo yazo kwindalo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukusebenza kakuhle okanye umgangatho wazo. Enye yezona ndlela zilula kodwa zisebenzayo zokutyela zokufaka isandla kulondolozo lwendalo kukutshintshela kwizikhongozeli ezinokubola. Ezi ndlela zinobuhlobo nendalo azihambelani nje kuphela nesidingo esikhulayo sabathengi seendlela ezizinzileyo kodwa zikwanceda iindawo zokutyela zinciphise inkunkuma kwaye ziphakamise umfanekiso wazo wegama.
Ukwamkela izikhongozeli ezinokubola kungaphezulu nje kokuba ngumkhwa—linyathelo elicwangcisiweyo elibonisa ukuzinikela kwerestyu kuxanduva lwendalo. Nokuba irestyu yakho igxile kwiinkonzo zokutyela, ukuthathwa, okanye ukuhanjiswa, ukupakisha okubolayo kunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni ishishini lakho libe yindawo ekhathalele indalo. Eli nqaku lijonga kwiingenelo ezininzi kunye namaqhinga okusebenzisa izikhongozeli ezinokubola kwiindawo zokutyela.
Impembelelo yoBume beNdalo yokuPakisha kunye nesizathu sokuba izikhongozeli ezibolayo zibalulekile
Iipakethe zemveli, ezifana neplastiki kunye ne-Styrofoam, bezisoloko zilawula ishishini leenkonzo zokutya ngenxa yexabiso lazo eliphantsi kunye nokuqina kwazo. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zokusingqongileyo zezi zinto ziyamangalisa. Iplastiki, engathatha amakhulu eminyaka ukuba ibole, inegalelo elikhulu kungcoliseko kwaye yonakalisa izilwanyana zasendle emhlabeni nakwiindawo zaselwandle. I-Styrofoam, okanye i-polystyrene eyandisiweyo, idume ngobunzima bokuyiphinda isetyenziswe kwaye idla ngokuphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, apho ikhupha khona iikhemikhali eziyingozi emhlabeni nasemanzini angaphantsi komhlaba. Ukusetyenziswa okungalawulwayo kwezi zinto kuye kwabangela inkunkuma ebonakalayo ezidolophini, imijelo yamanzi evalekileyo, kunye nokwanda kokukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu.
Izikhongozeli ezinokubola zibonelela ngenye indlela eluncedo ngokuqhekeka ngokwendalo ngenxa yemisebenzi yeentsholongwane, zibuyele kwindawo ezingqongileyo ngaphandle kokushiya iintsalela ezinobuthi. Zenziwe ngezinto ezisekelwe kwizityalo ezifana ne-cornstarch, imicu yomoba, i-bamboo, okanye iphepha, ezi zikhongozeli zibola ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa umthamo wokulahla inkunkuma kwaye zinciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Ngaphezu koko, iindlela ezininzi ezinokubola ziyakwazi ukubola, nto leyo evumela ukuba zicutshungulwe ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nenkunkuma yendalo.
Ukutshintshela kwizikhongozeli ezinokubola akupheleli nje ekunciphiseni iziphumo ezimbi zokusingqongileyo kodwa kukwanceda ekuziseni uqoqosho olujikelezayo kwicandelo leenkonzo zokutya. Olu tshintsho lunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni umthamo omkhulu wenkunkuma yokupakisha enikelwa lishishini leendawo zokutyela minyaka le. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko oorhulumente kunye nabathengi benyanzelisa imithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha zoshishino, iindawo zokutyela ezisebenzisa izikhongozeli ezinokubola zibeka izikhundla zazo njengeenkokheli ezinoxanduva lokuzinza.
Iingenelo zemali kunye nophawu lokudibanisa izikhongozeli ezinokubola
Nangona ingcinga yokuqala isenokuba kukuba izikhongozeli ezinokubola zibiza kakhulu kuneeplastiki, iingenelo zemali zexesha elide kunye nokuphuculwa kophawu zinokudlula kakhulu iindleko. Okokuqala, oomasipala abaninzi banikezela ngezibonelelo kunye nesaphulelo serhafu kumashishini asebenzisa iindlela ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Iindawo zokutyela ezinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki zinokufanelekela ezi zibonelelo, okwenza utshintsho lube luncedo kwezoqoqosho.
Ngaphezu koko, ukhetho lwabathengi lutshintsha ngokukhawuleza luye kwiimpawu ezibonisa uxanduva lokwenyani ngokusingqongileyo. Ngokutsho kophando lwemarike, iqela elikhulayo labatyeli lizimisele ukuhlawula ngaphezulu kwiimveliso kunye neenkonzo ezizinzileyo. Ngokudibanisa izikhongozeli ezinokubola, iivenkile zokutyela azihlangabezani nje kuphela nolindelo kodwa zikwahlula kubakhuphisana nabo abaqhubeka bexhomekeke kwiipakethe zemveli. Olu luvo luhle lophawu lunokukhokelela ekuthembekeni kwabathengi ngakumbi kunye nokuxhaswa okutsha ngabathengi abaqaphela indalo.
Ngokwemisebenzi, izikhongozeli ezinokubola nazo zinokuba negalelo ekongeni iindleko. Abanye abathengisi banikezela ngezaphulelo ezinkulu kwezi mveliso, kwaye ukuhambelana kwazo neenkqubo zokugquma kunokunciphisa inani lenkunkuma ethunyelwa kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, okunokunciphisa iindleko zokulahla inkunkuma. Ukongeza, iindlela ezininzi zezikhongozeli ezinokubola zenzelwe ukuqina nokusebenza kakuhle, ukugcina umgangatho wokutya kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yokutya ngenxa yokuvuza okanye ukugquma okungekho semgangathweni.
Iindawo zokutyela zinokusebenzisa amaphulo okuthengisa ukuze zibonise amanyathelo azo okupakisha azinzileyo, zisebenzisa imidiya yoluntu kunye neenkqubo zokufikelela kuluntu. Olu hlobo lokungafihli nto kunye nokuzibophelela luphucula ukuthembana kwabathengi kwaye lunceda ekwakheni unxibelelwano oluqinileyo noluntu, olubaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokutyela yasekuhlaleni.
Ukukhetha Izikhongozeli Ezinokubola Ezifanelekileyo Kwiimfuno Zakho Zerestyu
Ukukhetha izikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo ezinokubola kuquka okungaphezulu nje kokukhetha naluphi na upakisho olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo oluthengiswayo. Izinto ezininzi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba izikhongozeli azihambelani nje neenjongo zakho zokusingqongileyo kodwa zikwahlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza zerestyu yakho. Ezi ziquka uhlobo lokutya, ubungakanani besabelo, indlela yokubonelela (ukutya ngaphakathi, ukuthatha, ukuhambisa), kunye neemfuno zokugcina.
Kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kwizikhongozeli ezinokubola, ezifana ne-bagasse (imveliso ephuma kwimveliso yokucubungula ummoba), i-molded fiber, i-PLA (i-polylactic acid evela kumbona), kunye ne-bamboo. Isixhobo ngasinye sineempawu ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuqina, ukumelana nokufuma, ukunyamezela ubushushu, kunye nokukwazi ukuchumisa. Umzekelo, izikhongozeli ze-bagasse zilungile kakhulu ekutyeni okushushu nokubandayo kwaye zinyamezela ukufakwa kwi-microwave kodwa zisenokungabi zilungele izitya ezinamafutha okanye ezingamanzi ezingenayo i-lining eyongezelelweyo. Izikhongozeli ze-PLA zibonelela ngokucaca okuphezulu kwaye zifanelekile kwiisaladi okanye ekutyeni okutsha kodwa zinokugoba phantsi kokusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu.
Iindawo zokutyela kufuneka zihlole iziqinisekiso ezinikezelwa ngabavelisi. Iziqinisekiso zamaqela esithathu ezifana ne-ASTM D6400 kunye ne-EN 13432 ziqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ziya kuba mdaka kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba izikhongozeli ziya kwaphuka phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokwenza umgquba kwimizi-mveliso. Kubalulekile ukubuza ukuba ingaba izikhongozeli ziwohloka ngokufanelekileyo na kwiziseko zolawulo lwenkunkuma zasekuhlaleni ukuqinisekisa iingenelo ezipheleleyo zokusingqongileyo.
Okokugqibela, cinga ngomlinganiselo weendleko-kwinzuzo kunye nokuthembeka komthengisi. Ukuseka ubudlelwane nabathengisi ababonelela ngomgangatho ohambelanayo kunye nokuhanjiswa ngexesha kuya kunceda ukudibanisa izikhongozeli ezinokubola ngokutyibilikayo kwikhonkco lokubonelela levenkile yakho yokutyela ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ukusebenzisa uPakethe oluBola: Utshintsho lokusebenza kunye noQeqesho lwaBasebenzi
Ukutshintshela kwiikhonteyina ezinokubola kudlulela ngaphaya kokuthenga nje izinto ezintsha zokupakisha; kudla ngokubandakanya uhlengahlengiso lokusebenza kunye nemfundo yabasebenzi. Abasebenzi kufuneka baqonde izizathu zotshintsho, indlela yokuphatha izikhonteyina ezintsha ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nendlela yokudlulisela olu tshintsho kubathengi.
Umzekelo, ezinye iipakethe ezinokubola zingadinga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphatha ukuthintela umonakalo. Umzekelo, izikhongozeli ezinokubola zinokuba buthathaka ngakumbi kumswakama okanye uxinzelelo oluqokelelweyo xa kuthelekiswa neplastiki yendabuko. Ukuqeqesha abasebenzi basekhitshini nabakhonzayo malunga neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokugcina nokusetyenziswa kwezikhongozeli kuqinisekisa ukuba izikhongozeli zigcina ukuthembeka kwazo kwaye zibonelela ngamava anelisekisayo kubathengi.
Ngaphezu koko, abasebenzi basekhaya kufuneka baxhotyiswe ngolwazi malunga neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo zezikhongozeli ezinokubola. Oku kubanika amandla okunxibelelana nabathengi ngempumelelo, kuguqula ukupakisha kube yindawo yokuthetha egxininisa ukuzinikela kwerestyu yakho ekuzinzeni. Iimpawu ezicacileyo kunye namanqaku emenyu anokuqinisa umyalezo, ancede abatyeli bazive beziqhenya ngokukhetha kwabo okunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
Iindawo zokutyela ezisebenzisa izikhongozeli ezinokubola zingacinga ngokusebenzisana neendawo zasekuhlaleni zokwenza umgquba okanye ukuseka iinkqubo zokugquba ngaphakathi endlwini. Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi malunga nokwahlulwahlulwa kwenkunkuma—ukwahlula izikhongozeli ezinokugquba kwizinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kunye nenkunkuma—kubalulekile ukuze kuphuculwe inzuzo yokusingqongileyo kwaye kuthotyelwe imigaqo yolawulo lwenkunkuma.
Imingeni kunye nezisombululo zokusebenzisa izikhongozeli ezibolayo
Nangona ukutshintshela kwiikhonteyina ezinokubola kunika iingenelo ezininzi, ayizizo iingxaki ekufuneka iindawo zokutyela zilindele kwaye zijongane nazo. Umqobo oqhelekileyo kukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwezi zinto zokupakisha xa kuthelekiswa neekhonteyina zeplastiki eziqhelekileyo. Kwiindawo ezincinci neziphakathi ezisebenza kwimida emincinci, oku kunokuba ngumda omkhulu.
Ngaphezu koko, unxibelelwano lokubonelela olungahambelaniyo kunye nokungafumaneki kakuhle kweemveliso ezithile ezinokubola kunokuphazamisana nolawulo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Iindawo zokutyela kufuneka zigcine iinkqubo zoku-odola eziguquguqukayo kwaye zakhe ubudlelwane nabathengisi abaninzi ukunciphisa iingozi zokuphela kwesitokhwe.
Omnye umceli mngeni kukungabikho kweziseko zophuhliso ezaneleyo zokugquma umgquba kwezinye iindawo. Izikhongozeli ezinokubola zifuna izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokwenza umgquba kwimizi-mveliso ukuze zibole ngokufanelekileyo; ngaphandle kokufikelela kwezi, izikhongozeli zinokuphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma apho ukubola komgquba kuhamba kancinci okanye kungagqitywanga. Iindawo zokutyela zinokukhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo engcono yolawulo lwenkunkuma kwindawo yazo okanye zihlole ezinye iindlela ezifana nokugaya ukutya okungenamoya ukuba umgquba wasekuhlaleni awufumaneki.
Imbono yabathengi ngamanye amaxesha ibangela umceli mngeni. Iindwendwe ezingaqhelananga nokupakisha okubolayo zisenokukubhidanisa nezikhongozeli ezingomelelanga kangako okanye zilahle ngempazamo ngendlela engafanelekanga. Unxibelelwano olucacileyo ngeelebheli, ukusebenzisana nabasebenzi, kunye neephulo zemfundo lunokunciphisa ezi nkxalabo kwaye lukhuthaze imikhwa yokulahla izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Nangona le mingeni iqhubeka, imeko-bume yokutshintsha kwendlela yokupakisha ezinzileyo icebisa ukuphuculwa okuqhubekekayo kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha, ezifana nezixhobo zokuthambisa ezinomgquba, ukupakisha okutyiwayo, kunye neefilimu ezinokubola, ezibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi kunye nezisombululo ezenzelwe iimodeli ezahlukeneyo zokutyela.
Ukuqukumbela, ukwamkela izikhongozeli ezinokubola linyathelo elinamandla elinokuthi lithathwe ziivenkile zokutyela ukuze zibe negalelo elibonakalayo ekuzinzeni kwendalo. Ezi zikhongozeli zinciphisa kakhulu inkunkuma yeplastiki, zixhasa imizamo yokunciphisa i-carbon footprint, kwaye zihlangabezana nolindelo olukhulayo lwabathengi kumava okutya anobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Nangona kukho imingeni efana neendleko kunye neziseko zophuhliso, izibonelelo zemali, udumo oluphuculweyo lwegama, kunye neenzuzo zokusebenza zizisa izizathu ezibangela ukuba iindawo zokutyela zitshintshe.
Ngokukhetha ngononophelo izinto ezifanelekileyo ezinokubola, ukuqeqesha abasebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokubandakanya abathengi kuhambo lwabo lokuzinza, iivenkile zokutyela zinokuguqula ukupakisha ukusuka kwindleko ezifunekayo ukuya kwimpahla ebalulekileyo. Njengoko ukuzinza kuqhubeka nokuba yinto ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni izigqibo zabathengi, ukudibanisa izikhongozeli ezinokubola kubeka indawo yokutyela yakho phambili ekukhuleni kweshishini okunoxanduva, okungqina ukuba uxanduva lwendalo kunye nobuhle bokupheka bunokuhlala kunye ngemvisiswano.
Ukwamkela ukupakisha okubolayo namhlanje kutyalo-mali kwikamva leplanethi nakwimpumelelo yexesha elide yerestyu yakho—isikhongozeli esinye esinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ngexesha.
Injongo yethu kukuba ibe lishishini elineminyaka eli-100 ubudala ngembali ende. Siyakholelwa ukuba i-UChampak iya kuba yeyakho iqabane lakho lokupakisha.